Updates and change log

A dedicated domain for the encyclopedia

The encyclopedia moves to statecraftencyclopedia.org, with updated canonical addresses, citations, structured metadata and feeds. Permanent redirects preserve existing links. Entry content and substantive review dates are unchanged.

1. Feature
   Dedicated canonical domain

   Use https://statecraftencyclopedia.org for the website, canonical entry citations, sitemap and updates feed. Redirect earlier website addresses and the www alias to the canonical HTTPS domain, preserving paths and query parameters; retain retired-entry archive routing.

Reserve assets, Euroclear and legal-event maintenance

Two complete reviews and eleven bounded corrections update reserve-asset mechanisms, Euroclear disclosures and dated trade-control measures. Legal authority, company reporting and future commencement remain explicitly distinguished.

7 entries revised · 6 corrections

1. Corrected
   Shipbuilding and dry-dock capacity

   Verify the filed USTR final notice and its stated further suspension through 23:59 Eastern Time on 9 January 2027. Distinguish filing, effect, scheduled publication and covered fees and duties.

2. Revised
   Graphite processing, anode materials and export controls

   Record MOFCOM and GACC Announcement 58, continuing the suspension of the six specified October 2025 measures from 11 November 2026 to 10 January 2027. Preserve the future commencement and limits of the suspension.

3. Revised
   Critical-mineral processing chokepoint

   Record MOFCOM and GACC Announcement 58, continuing the suspension of the six specified October 2025 measures from 11 November 2026 to 10 January 2027. Preserve the future commencement and limits of the suspension.

4. Revised
   Export licensing of strategic materials

   Record MOFCOM and GACC Announcement 58, continuing the suspension of the six specified October 2025 measures from 11 November 2026 to 10 January 2027. Preserve the future commencement and limits of the suspension.

5. Revised
   Rare-earth and critical-mineral export restriction

   Record MOFCOM and GACC Announcement 58, continuing the suspension of the six specified October 2025 measures from 11 November 2026 to 10 January 2027. Preserve the future commencement and limits of the suspension.

6. Revised
   Chinese critical minerals export controls (2010 to present)

   Record MOFCOM and GACC Announcement 58, continuing the suspension of the six specified October 2025 measures from 11 November 2026 to 10 January 2027. Preserve the future commencement and limits of the suspension.

7. Revised
   Rare-earth separation and refining technology

   Record MOFCOM and GACC Announcement 58, continuing the suspension of the six specified October 2025 measures from 11 November 2026 to 10 January 2027. Preserve the future commencement and limits of the suspension.

8. Revised
   China's rare-earth export licensing and magnet supply shock (2025-present)

   Record MOFCOM and GACC Announcement 58, continuing the suspension of the six specified October 2025 measures from 11 November 2026 to 10 January 2027. Preserve the future commencement and limits of the suspension.

9. Corrected
   Euroclear

   Complete the institutional review using dated financial disclosures, Belgian registers, EU instruments and court notices. Correct shareholder and reporting-entity descriptions; distinguish asset stocks, interest, contributions and procedural litigation claims.

10. Corrected
    Entity List (15 CFR Part 744)

    Confirm the published 9 November Affiliates Rule stay extension, its covered ownership provisions and the lagging eCFR snapshot. Preserve the 8 November whole-entry review date.

11. Corrected
    Military End User and MEU List rules (2020)

    Confirm the published 9 November extension for covered MEU ownership provisions without implying suspension of all end-user controls. Preserve the 9 November whole-entry review date.

12. Corrected
    Central-bank reserve immobilisation and confiscation

    Complete the conceptual and legal review. Distinguish immobilisation, revenues and principal; correct the Moiseienko attribution and Belgian statement attribution; qualify the US statutory mandate and waiver and EU loan security provisions.

13. Corrected
    Bank of Russia

    Add the dated US statutory sanctions mandate and Executive Order 14436 waiver, distinguishing legal authority from an implemented designation. Preserve the 9 November whole-entry review date.

MEU rules and Bank of Russia maintenance

Two complete primary-source reviews correct the scope of military end-user controls and distinguish Russian reserve observations, transaction restrictions and asset categories. Separate legal-event checks remain open.

2 corrections

1. Corrected
   Military End User and MEU List rules (2020)

   Complete the legal-framework review, correcting geographic and list limits, committee procedure and attribution of the separate 2020 CIV rule. Preserve source currency and the pending US-date commencement check for the Affiliates Rule stay extension.

2. Corrected
   Bank of Russia

   Complete the institutional review, correcting the pre-invasion reserve observation, reporting perimeter and EU measure dates. Distinguish transaction prohibitions, revenues and principal; add the separate 31 December Commission review deadline and preserve source limitations.

Entity List, World Bank and drone-control maintenance

One complete primary-source review, two bounded corrections and a bibliography addition revise four entries. Future drone controls remain distinct from current operation; only the completed Entity List review advances its substantive date.

3 entries revised · 1 correction

1. Revised
   Entity List (15 CFR Part 744)

   Complete the primary-source review, correcting committee participation and voting, address-use scope and historical rules. Preserve the future 9 November stay extension and separate commencement check; remove unsupported effects claims. Classify the documented export-control instrument as a main statecraft entry, removing the contradictory context-only banner.

2. Corrected
   World Bank (IBRD and IDA)

   Clarify Articles-based governance, staff duties and separate legal personality; label FY2026 disbursements as gross. Retain the incomplete whole review and its original deadline.

3. Revised
   Drone and loitering-munition component supply chains

   Add the defined scope and conditional facilitation in China’s Announcement 49 of 2026, scheduled to commence 18 November. Preserve evidence limits and the original substantive clock under a tighter quarterly cadence.

4. Revised
   China (People's Republic)

   Add Xiaoyu Pu’s Mixed Signals with verified author, subtitle, series and online publication date. Abstract-only evidence supports the citation; factual prose and the substantive review date are unchanged.

IMF, Iran emergency and trade-control maintenance

Two complete primary-source reviews and three bounded legal updates revise five entries. Future suspension dates remain distinct from current operation; only completed whole-entry reviews advance substantive dates.

2 entries revised · 3 corrections

1. Revised
   International Monetary Fund (IMF)

   Complete the whole-entry review; record the implemented COFER method and September conditionality review with dated governance and quota evidence. Distinguish Board endorsement from implementation, historical evaluation from current effects, and quota consent from effectiveness.

2. Revised
   Executive Order 12170 (1979)

   Complete the whole-entry review against the original order, IEEPA enactment, settlement instruments and Supreme Court judgment. Distinguish asset transfer from claims suspension; retain the dated continuation and remove unsupported valuation and causal assertions.

3. Corrected
   Entity List (15 CFR Part 744)

   Add the announced Affiliates Rule stay from complete public-inspection text, scheduled for publication and effect on 9 November. Preserve the 10 January 2027 wording and the outstanding whole-entry review.

4. Corrected
   Military End User and MEU List rules (2020)

   Update the dated eCFR stay note and announced further suspension. Separate the 5 November consolidation from the future 9 November effective date; retain the substantive review clock.

5. Corrected
   Shipbuilding and dry-dock capacity

   Record the final USTR notice posted 6 November, effective 9 November, further suspending specified maritime fees and duties through 23:59 Eastern Time on 9 January 2027. Preserve scope limits and the outstanding whole-entry review.

China export controls, BIS and Iran emergency maintenance

Two complete primary-source reviews and one bounded legal correction update three entries. Only completed whole-entry reviews advance substantive dates.

2 entries revised · 1 correction

1. Revised
   Export Control Law (China, 2020)

   Complete the whole-entry review against official Chinese texts; correct temporary-control extensions and authority-notification triggers, and distinguish territorial, overseas-transfer and end-user-list powers without inferring particular measures or effects.

2. Revised
   Bank for International Settlements

   Complete the whole-entry review; verify governance and immunity limits, dated membership and Russia service restrictions, the concluded BIS mBridge role and attributed institutional history. Retain clear limits on unavailable historical sources.

3. Corrected
   Executive Order 12170 (1979)

   Record the notice signed 3 November and published 5 November continuing the 1979 Iran emergency for one year beyond 14 November 2026. Distinguish the 1995 emergency; preserve the outstanding whole-entry review.

Verified maintenance and research updates across 22 entries

Primary-source maintenance completed fourteen whole-entry reviews, made five bounded corrections and added three verified research citations, including the preceding private candidates. Other substantive review clocks remain unchanged.

16 entries revised · 6 corrections

1. Revised
   COSCO

   Update port-network and corporate ownership figures; verify Piraeus contractual scope, distinguish the two Dalian designation predicates and confirm the separate live SDN record. Remove unsupported freight and compliance-effect assertions.

2. Revised
   Agathe Demarais

   Replace unsupported book-specific generalisations with verified Senate evidence and coauthored 2026 policy analysis; preserve her conditional dollar argument and label all coercion scenarios hypothetical.

3. Revised
   Chris Miller

   Correct the 2022 book edition link, update the Tufts leave status and ground the profile in public interviews, attributed discussion and 2026 connected-vehicle testimony.

4. Revised
   European Commission

   Verified current College and treaty powers, sanctions roles and transposition limit, FDI transition and ACI procedure; replaced stale no-activation assertion with an explicit case-status limit.

5. Revised
   Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)

   Verified institutional governance and producer framework; replaced unqualified membership with dated official classification and statutory qualification, added dated production-share denominators and precise 1973 attribution.

6. Corrected
   Cuban Assets Control Regulations (US, 1963)

   Replace stale future-endpoint wording with the precise professional-meetings eligibility, departure and refund dates, and distinguish professional research and specific licences. No calendar-only expiry claim or whole-entry review credit.

7. Corrected
   Central-bank reserve immobilisation and confiscation

   Replace the REPO bill citation with the enacted law, specify its conditional authority, correct the 2024 reporting-instructions description, and date the EUR 1.4 billion revenue measure precisely. Remove unsupported general no-confiscation conclusions; current execution and the wider entry remain open.

8. Revised
   Daniel Drezner

   Verify the conflict-expectations argument from the substantial Cambridge excerpt and selection effects from the full article; ground the overuse critique in complete congressional testimony and remove unsupported influence and 2021 essay assertions.

9. Revised
   Daniel McDowell

   Update current Syracuse roles, correctly date the archived interview to 2022 and distinguish conditional dollar backlash from universal country-level effects; attribute the 2026 article to all three coauthors.

10. Revised
    Nicholas Mulder

    Verify the historical arguments against full public interviews, restore the explicit limitation on sanctions and WWII causation, preserve assistance as well as coercion, and add the new UK book as bibliography only.

11. Corrected
    International Monetary Fund (IMF)

    Correct COFER participation and data-vintage limits, and replace quota-effectiveness inference with exact dated consent denominators and Washington deadline.

12. Corrected
    World Bank (IBRD and IDA)

    Correct annual-report identity and financial denominators, IDA capital-market funding and Aswan attribution; distinguish public DPF guidance from an inaccessible replacement policy.

13. Revised
    Bank Mellat v HM Treasury (UK Supreme Court, 2013)

    Recheck the complete 2013 case account, distinguish the closed-material ruling from the merits, specify the targeted fairness and proportionality holdings, remove the unsupported later-influence claim, and replace superseded duplicate links with the complete official paired judgments.

14. Revised
    CJEU Rosneft judgment (2017)

    Recheck the complete 2017 judgment account, correct the unrelated UK Supreme Court citation, specify the two CFSP review limbs and the oil-provision jurisdiction limit, clarify payment and depositary-receipt rulings, and record that further oil-term definitions were declined.

15. Revised
    Economic coercion

    Adds a verified citation to Jan Stockbruegger on subsystems, bargaining costs and Russian oil sanctions, with the precise online publication date. The addition uses the publisher-supplied abstract; factual prose and the substantive review clock are unchanged.

16. Revised
    Hong Kong Monetary Authority

    Complete the institutional review using retained current legislation and primary records. Clarify the currency-board adjustment mechanism, date the sanctions guidance and distinguish BIS project completion from universal mBridge availability or transaction clearance.

17. Revised
    European Central Bank

    Add a verified citation to Piero Cipollone on securities settlement and tokenisation, distinguishing the 29 October speech from the 2 November BIS listing. No factual prose or substantive review date changes.

18. Revised
    Economic statecraft

    Add a verified citation to Runguo Xu on gustatory embargoes and the cultural performance of sanctions, published OnlineFirst on 2 November 2026. Abstract evidence supports bibliography only; factual prose and the substantive review clock are unchanged.

19. Corrected
    BRICS

    Correct the reserve arrangement legal-personality claim, date the chair membership classification, distinguish payment and accession discussions from implementation, and verify 2025 development-bank approvals. Preserve the declaration legal qualifier and quarterly review cadence.

20. Revised
    World Trade Organization

    Complete the whole-entry review; distinguish DS610 communication and circulation dates, update moratorium participation and reform discussions, qualify unadopted panel reports and verify the textbook print edition without using unavailable book-body evidence.

21. Revised
    Critical-mineral processing chokepoint

    Complete the whole-entry review; separate the six-metal inflation basket from the trade-network study, remove an unsupported universal multiplier and preserve working-paper, causal and measure-specific export-control limitations.

22. Corrected
    CITGO

    Replace the superseded GL5Z timing with GL5AA, issued 4 November, specifying 18 December 2026 for the limited PDVSA 2020 bond authorisation. Preserve exclusions and the distinction from a specific licence or asset-sale closing; no whole-entry review credit.

Verified maintenance and research updates across 25 entries

Primary-source corrections and verified citations, incorporating the private 29 October changes. The 30 October review completed 12 whole entries, made 1 bounded maintenance correction and added one citation. Other substantive review clocks remain unchanged.

18 entries revised · 7 corrections

1. Corrected
   Agathe Demarais

   Bounded biographical correction: retain Senior Policy Fellow title, identify current team leadership and attribute the experience behind Backfire to French Treasury work in Russia and Lebanon rather than EIU casework.

2. Revised
   Danske Bank

   Correct portfolio population and EBA letter date; specify forfeiture and SEC credit treatment; remove an unnecessary unreviewed scholarly citation; preserve quarterly cadence.

3. Revised
   Lazarus Group

   Add a source-specific Lazarus definition; correct the reported activity start; quantify Bangladesh indictment allegations without confusing attempts, transfers and final loss; date government descriptions and MSMT membership explicitly.

4. Revised
   Office 39

   Verify the current UN listing; add a narrowly attributed Office 39-linked IT delegation; replace an unsupported founding date and broad network and policy-effect claims with evidenced scope.

5. Revised
   China's trade pressure on Lithuania over the Taiwanese Representative Office (2021-2025)

   Complete case review: retain contested attribution, verify WTO termination and current official office listing, replace the loosely specified Commission comparison with the precisely defined OECD monthly trade baseline, and remove unsupported causal claims about finance, recovery and the Anti-Coercion Instrument.

6. Revised
   Multinational disruption of Hydra Market (2022)

   Complete historical case review: qualify the sanctions scope, identify the turnover metric, replace unsupported service-quality assertions with attributed on-chain displacement evidence, and correct the Chainalysis citation to 9 February 2023.

7. Corrected
   Venezuelan central-bank gold control litigation in the United Kingdom (2019-present)

   Add the dated September 2026 FCDO position; retain the hold on current custody and final disposition.

8. Corrected
   United States, European Union and United Kingdom measures concerning Zimbabwe (2001-present)

   Bounded UK legal clarification: distinguish retained targeted financial, director-disqualification and immigration powers from trade restrictions, and preserve exceptions, licensing and person-specific listing limits.

9. Revised
   Economic engagement

   Added a verified citation to Asad Ullah and Yu Fengzhu on institutional embedding and the limits of Chinese economic engagement, published online 29 October 2026. Publisher-deposited abstract and metadata support the citation only; no body claim or substantive review date changed.

10. Revised
    Economic statecraft

    Added Tian Tian's verified Hypothesis and Theory article on recognition-for-access, published 28 October 2026. The citation adds no factual claim about an access agreement and does not advance the substantive review date.

11. Revised
    Economic warfare

    Added a verified citation to Doaa B. Sulaiman on monetary liquidity deprivation, using publisher-deposited bibliographic data and abstract only. No factual body claims or substantive review date changed.

12. Revised
    AUSTRAC

    Completed review of statutory powers, court penalties and the 2026 reforms. Distinguishes designated services from professional labels and July reporting forms from the 2029 international-transfer reporting transition.

13. Corrected
    Bank for International Settlements

    Anchor Russia service suspension and membership distinction to the latest full annual report with an explicit reporting-date limit.

14. Revised
    BRICS Contingent Reserve Arrangement

    Completed review of the original treaty, committed reserves, access conditions and IMF linkage. Distinguishes the September 2026 declaration and voluntary onboarding from proof of operative amendments or completed accession.

15. Revised
    Kimberley Process Certification Scheme

    Completed review of the rough-diamond certification rules and their limits. Separates scheme coverage from effectiveness, dates the external EU sanctions example and retains quarterly maintenance.

16. Revised
    Paris Club

    Completed review of official creditor coordination, implementation through bilateral agreements and comparability of treatment. Removes unsupported geopolitical examples and distinguishes institutional process from causal effectiveness.

17. Corrected
    Shanghai Cooperation Organisation

    Correct the Charter/FAQ source identity and update membership and September/October 2026 institutional developments with explicit adoption, operational and translation limits.

18. Corrected
    Critical-mineral processing chokepoint

    Distinguish the operative 10 November 2026 date in Announcement No 70 from the broader Kuala Lumpur arrangement reported through 10 January 2027. Preserve the substantive review deadline and require a measure-specific amendment before changing the legal date.

19. Revised
    Additional Protocol I Article 54 (1977)

    Separates military-use exceptions, adds reprisals prohibition and tightens national-territory derogation; confines treaty, customary and criminal-law claims to verified scope.

20. Revised
    Bank Markazi v Peterson (US Supreme Court, 2016)

    Clarifies targeted 2012 statute, required asset findings, dissent and limited separation-of-powers holding; replaces docket-only evidence with the complete official opinion.

21. Revised
    Dames & Moore v Regan (US Supreme Court, 1981)

    Corrects Carter/Reagan implementation sequence and distinguishes IEEPA property powers from claims suspension; adds unresolved takings boundary and exact 2026 majority treatment.

22. Corrected
    MOFCOM Blocking Rules (Order No. 1 of 2021)

    Add verified 2 May 2026 prohibition order as a documented application, preserving the original full-review clock.

23. Revised
    The Prize Cases (United States Supreme Court, 1863)

    Distinguishes wartime blockade authority from individual prize outcomes, including restored tobacco; states alternative ratification reasoning and the dissent precisely.

24. Revised
    UNSCR 2417 (2018)

    Verifies unanimous adoption and all reporting requests; qualifies possible sanctions and replaces unverified implementation history with operative text.

25. Revised
    WTO Russia - Traffic in Transit (2019)

    Full review of the historical DS512 report; correct conditional merits rationale and replace incorrect adoption-minutes citation with verified procedural account.

Verified maintenance and research updates across 90 entries

Primary-source legal and institutional corrections, completed reviews and retained verified research citations. Only completed whole-entry reviews advance substantive maintenance dates.

61 entries revised · 29 corrections

1. Revised
   General License X and Iranian oil sanctions relief (2026)

   Verify both signed licences; preserve the X1 wind-down exception, clarify payments and archive status, and limit causal claims to the reviewed record.

2. Corrected
   FCDO Sanctions Directorate

   Correct establishment to 2022 and verify ministerial responsibilities, the Treasury exception, OTSI remit and the single designations list. Corrected OTSI's departmental setting and expanded licensing remit using current official guidance.

3. Revised
   EU Anti-Coercion Instrument (2023)

   Correct statutory criteria and the conditional mandatory response procedure; preserve the substantive clock and unresolved origin and use-status gaps. Revised the statutory procedure, response conditions and evidentiary limits; distinguished a separate WTO dispute from an ACI determination.

4. Revised
   Adam Szubin

   Corrected career chronology and current Covington affiliation; verified attributed sanctions-policy statements against full official speeches.

5. Revised
   United States Department of Justice National Security Division

   Verified establishing law and prosecutorial remit; updated March 2026 corporate-enforcement policy and distinguished requested budget resources.

6. Revised
   UNSCR 1267 (1999)

   Reviewed the operative resolution chain, Taliban split, delisting safeguards and humanitarian exemption; corrected historical and current procedural precision.

7. Revised
   David S. Cohen

   Correct appointment and testimony dates; verify two separate CIA tenures and current leadership; attribute sanctions-effect claims to the official record.

8. Corrected
   Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps

   Distinguish the 8 April 2019 FTO announcement and signed determination from Federal Register publication on 15 April.

9. Corrected
   Commodity directionality targeting

   Add the 2025 suspension of paragraph 2 of MOFCOM Announcement 46, preserving the separate military-use prohibition and stated endpoint.

10. Revised
    Coalition coverage (the coverage problem)

    Add an October 2026 working-paper comparison of coordinated and unilateral export controls, distinguishing model assumptions, replacement-supply denominators and military-expenditure proxies from observed evasion or strategic success.

11. Revised
    Geoeconomic coercion of corporate networks

    Add a verified BIS working-paper account of reported corporate adaptation, with explicit limits on managerial attribution, coverage and causal inference.

12. Corrected
    Chinese graphite and antimony export controls (2023-present)

    Clarify the different military-use and paragraph 2 restrictions in MOFCOM Announcement 46 and the limited suspension under Announcement 72. Preserve the whole-entry review deadline.

13. Corrected
    North Korean remote IT-worker revenue schemes (2022-present)

    Correct the exact title of the 16 May 2024 FBI alert. Body claims and the whole-entry review deadline are unchanged.

14. Revised
    Export control as strategic instrument

    Add a verified Oxford handbook chapter citation, published online on 20 October 2026 in a handbook in progress. Abstract evidence supports bibliography only; body claims and the substantive review clock are unchanged.

15. Corrected
    Banco Delta Asia

    Complete the institutional review; correct the 18 April 2007 rule commencement and distinguish findings, local restrictions, private withdrawal and the qualified 2020 repeal rationale.

16. Revised
    Court of Justice of the European Union

    Complete the institutional review; clarify preliminary-reference allocation and the limits of jurisdiction over restrictive measures and common foreign and security policy.

17. Revised
    Export-Import Bank of the United States

    Complete the institutional review; verify statutory authority, risk and governance limits and the 31 December 2026 termination provision with its continuing-obligation exceptions.

18. Revised
    Office of the United States Trade Representative

    Complete the institutional review; distinguish the 1962 statutory provision from 1963 office creation and separate investigation, determination and implementation using dated primary records.

19. Corrected
    Sovereign-wealth-fund deployment

    Record the Norwegian committee report submitted on 15 October 2026; distinguish submission from adoption of recommendations. Preserve the whole-entry review deadline.

20. Revised
    Specially Designated Nationals and Blocked Persons List

    Complete the legal-authority review; distinguish list entries from underlying prohibitions, ownership rules, licensing and current screening requirements.

21. Revised
    United Nations Charter Article 41 (1945)

    Complete the legal-authority review; clarify Article 41 powers, binding decisions and judicial limits, with explicit attribution of provisional reasoning and jurisdictional qualifications.

22. Revised
    Economic statecraft

    Add a verified full-text study of Japanese policy tools and firm responses, distinguishing behavioural change from security outcomes and retaining case-design and timing limits.

23. Revised
    CLS Bank International

    Distinguish 1999 establishment approval from the 2002 service launch; verify Federal Reserve supervision, ownership, eligible currencies and access powers.

24. Corrected
    Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation (DTCC)

    Replace generic compliance language with DTC Rule 2 participant and pledgee obligations. Retain the whole-entry review deadline.

25. Revised
    SECO

    Correct administrative criminal prosecution and adjudication powers, distinguish asset freezes from nationality-based restrictions, and verify the dated Swiss legal framework.

26. Revised
    Ahmed v HM Treasury (UK Supreme Court, 2010)

    Verify the judgments and historical 2010 legislative response, separating the temporary Act from the subsequent framework.

27. Revised
    Article 215 TFEU and CFSP sanctions architecture

    Distinguish treaty voting provisions from Council practice, retain safeguards and qualify criminal-law harmonisation under Directive 2024/1226.

28. Revised
    Export Control Act (UK, 2002)

    Correct section 8 necessity and proportionality requirements and distinguish the Export Control Act from separate sanctions authority under the 2018 Act; preserve the substantive review clock. Corrected present ECJU departmental attribution and the formal Strategic Export Licensing Criteria label while retaining the original whole-entry review clock. Completed review of the statutory export-control framework; corrected the extent of the 1939 Act repeal and clarified safeguards, territorial conditions and distinct GB/Northern Ireland dual-use instruments.

29. Revised
    Johnson Act (US, 1934)

    Verify the original and current provisions, public-corporation and international-institution membership exceptions, and later statutory qualifications.

30. Revised
    Proclamation 3447 (US, 1962)

    Correct the chapter 69A reference to Cuban Liberty and Democratic Solidarity (LIBERTAD); chapter 69 covers Cuban Democracy. Body and substantive clock unchanged. Completed the proclamation review, distinguishing the 1962 import prohibition from later Cuba authorities, including the separate 2026 Part 516 layer.

31. Corrected
    North Korea

    Repair the UN final-report reference so it resolves to S/2024/215, preserving body text and the full-review clock.

32. Corrected
    Office 39

    Repair the S/2024/215 report link and replace a draft-resolution citation with adopted Resolution 2270, paragraph 10 and Annex II item 10; preserve body text and the full-review clock.

33. Corrected
    Marine insurance and shipping disruption in the Strait of Hormuz (2026-present)

    Add the verified historical JWLA-033 circular and distinguish a dated risk-list decision from prices, cover availability and traffic effects; preserve the full-review clock.

34. Corrected
    Hong Kong Monetary Authority

    Repair official HKMA sanctions-circular and BIS annual-report links; preserve body text and the substantive review clock.

35. Revised
    Joint War Committee and Listed Areas

    Complete the institutional review; update the current Listed Areas circular to JWLA-035 and distinguish specific insurer implementation, contract terms and evidence limits.

36. Revised
    Air Service Agreement arbitration (1978)

    Complete the award review and distinguish the binding route-rights decision from the expressly non-binding countermeasures opinion, with proportionality and procedural limits.

37. Revised
    Iran Sanctions Act (1996)

    Replace the superseded 2026 sunset with the enacted 31 December 2031 date and explain the amendment's exclusion from the division-wide sunset; preserve the whole-entry review clock. Distinguishes the 1998 South Pars determination from its project-specific waiver and grounds the JCPOA relief and reimposition sequence in dated primary instruments; completes the entry review while preserving transaction-specific limits.

38. Revised
    Mexico blocking statute (1996)

    Complete the statute review against the official text, clarifying covered foreign measures, reporting duties, non-recognition, recovery and enforcement limits.

39. Corrected
    Cryptocurrency mixers and tumblers (Tornado Cash, Blender.io)

    Replace the superseded October retrial timetable with the dated August order setting April 2027 dates; make no claim about later motion, sentence or appeal outcomes.

40. Revised
    Economic coercion

    Add the verified Morgenstern and Urdinez survey-experiment citation, correcting its online publication date and retaining unchanged body claims. Added Xinlei Zhao’s verified Pacific Focus citation on ASEAN responses to asymmetric economic coercion, published online on 26 October 2026. Abstract-only evidence adds no body claims and does not advance the substantive review date.

41. Revised
    Fragmentation (geoeconomic)

    Add Danny Quah's IMF book chapter, correcting the deposit's misattribution to the book editors and preserving month-level date precision.

42. Corrected
    Preferential-tariff suspension (GSP withdrawal)

    Replace the claim of legally frictionless preference withdrawal with the WTO notification and consultation requirements; retain the outstanding full review.

43. Revised
    Trade sanctions

    Add Hinz, Crozet and Svab's verified Oxford research encyclopedia citation without extending abstract evidence into body claims.

44. Revised
    Countermeasures under the ILC Articles on State Responsibility (2001)

    Verify legal conditions, proportionality and the limits of the ICJ holding against the complete primary texts.

45. Revised
    Entity List (15 CFR Part 744)

    Add the verified Lu and Lin research citation. Retain the separate evidential hold on roster, linkage, weighting and causal claims.

46. Revised
    International Emergency Economic Powers Act (1977)

    Distinguish the original Act from separately enacted Code provisions, verify the tariff and claims-settlement holdings, and state the current Code coverage date.

47. Revised
    Justice for Victims of Corrupt Foreign Officials Act (Canada, 2017)

    Verify Canadian ownership and control tests, delisting, certificates and permits, with explicit consolidation currency.

48. Revised
    Special Economic Measures Act (Canada, 1992)

    Add the March 2026 financial-institution profits powers and Finance administration, distinguishing authority from actual forfeiture or payment.

49. Revised
    Third-party countermeasures

    Clarify the distinction between invoking responsibility and entitlement to countermeasures, and separate a dated UK asset-policy statement from legal authority.

50. Revised
    Trading with the Enemy Act (United States, 1917)

    Verify wartime and grandfathered authority, correct the North Korea termination effective date, and distinguish the separate 2026 Cuba regulation.

51. Revised
    UNSCR 2664 (2022)

    Verify the humanitarian exemption and its continuation, eligible actors, safeguards and implementation limits against the operative resolutions.

52. Revised
    TARGET2

    Distinguish historical TARGET2 from T2 and T2S, add Danish-krone settlement and preserve currency, period and measurement boundaries.

53. Revised
    Counter-Terrorism Act 2008 Schedule 7 (UK)

    Verify the financial-direction triggers, duration and parliamentary safeguards, and clarify the Bank Mellat judgment and its separate procedural and substantive findings.

54. Revised
    Criminal Finances Act 2017 and unexplained wealth orders

    Specify the property threshold, responsible-officer and non-compliance tests, qualify costs protection and distinguish orders from recovered or frozen monetary values.

55. Corrected
    Embargo Act (Switzerland, 2002)

    Clarify the separate constitutional reserve and correct the date attributed to SECO guidance, while retaining the unfinished full review.

56. Revised
    Executive Order 13608 (2012)

    Distinguish FSE transaction and account restrictions from asset blocking and remove an unsupported inference about Treasury motives; retain the outstanding full review. Completed review of the sanctions-evasion authority, surviving Iran scope and non-blocking restrictions; removed unsupported claims about historical preference and comparative effectiveness.

57. Revised
    Hong Kong Human Rights and Democracy Act (2019)

    Distinguish the reporting deadline from the extended sanctions sunset and clarify the July 2026 transition, including continued blocking of previously frozen assets.

58. Revised
    Kadi v Council and Commission (ECJ, 2008)

    Verify the judgments, qualify notice requirements for initial freezes, distinguish review of EU implementation from review of the Security Council, and specify the remedy.

59. Corrected
    Sanctions and Anti-Money Laundering Act (UK, 2018)

    Verify the amended framework, standard and urgent designation procedures, review routes, territorial rules and division of administrative responsibilities. Corrected the division of trade-sanctions and licensing responsibilities following OTSI's expanded remit.

60. Revised
    Terrorist Asset-Freezing etc. Act (UK, 2010)

    Correct the scope and commencement of the Part 1 repeal, identify SI 2019/577 as the domestic successor and distinguish it from SI 2019/573.

61. Revised
    UN 1267 Ombudsperson (2009)

    Correct who may submit a petition, verify delisting and confidentiality procedures, and update dated statistics to 116 accepted petitions and 114 completed proceedings.

62. Revised
    UNSCR 1373 (2001)

    Verify the resolution obligations and national designation structure, update the CTED mandate and distinguish later human-rights requirements from the original text.

63. Corrected
    Al-Qaeda

    Updated the dated UN listing reference without treating it as verification of every operational allegation or advancing the whole-entry review.

64. Revised
    HM Treasury

    Updated the current OTSI departmental reference against its August 2026 annual review, preserving the substantive review date while bringing the whole-entry deadline forward to 29 October 2026. Completed institutional review of financial sanctions responsibilities, ownership and control tests, and the Treasury domestic counter-terrorism designation role.

65. Corrected
    Office of Trade Sanctions Implementation (OTSI)

    Corrected the governing instrument, departmental identity and expanded licensing remit; added dated annual activity figures with clear limits. Corrected the sanctions end-use control commencement to 13 May 2026 and described notice-based scope with an explicit unresolved licensing-route limitation.

66. Revised
    Green-transition and critical-supply leverage

    Added a verified citation to Sun Ryung Park's 2026 energy-security article. No factual body prose or substantive review date changed.

67. Corrected
    Bank Secrecy Act and United States financial reporting architecture (1970-present)

    Clarified the Shultz judgment's disposition and added primary legal sources while preserving the incomplete regulatory review.

68. Revised
    Paris Declaration Respecting Maritime Law (1856)

    Corrected the attribution of an 1861 diplomatic source to Adams's letter to Seward, retaining the unfinished substantive review. Restores the official treaty text link, verifies the United States non-accession history and distinguishes the Declaration from modern blockade restatement and rule-specific customary law.

69. Revised
    Denied Persons List

    Verified denial-order scope, temporary-order procedures and the dated BIS list; distinguished denial of export privileges from asset freezing.

70. Revised
    Economic Crime (Transparency and Enforcement) Act (UK, 2022)

    Separated registration, unexplained wealth orders and sanctions amendments, with provision-specific commencement dates and current statutory limits.

71. Revised
    Protection of Trading Interests Act 1980

    Separated statutory remedies from the wider blocking regime, verified historical uses and identified the exact end date of a company-specific authorisation.

72. Revised
    Trading with the Enemy Act (UK, 1939)

    Verified the statutory enemy tests, licensing exceptions and property powers, distinguishing historical administration from modern sanctions.

73. Revised
    Unverified List

    Verified current UVL requirements and corrected the October 2022 rule citation and the reason for a December 2022 conforming removal.

74. Corrected
    USA PATRIOT Act Section 311 (2001)

    Corrected the distinction between orders and regulations and limited the fifth special measure to its specified account restrictions.

75. Corrected
    Van Loon v Department of the Treasury (Fifth Circuit, 2024)

    Clarified that the property holding was dispositive and that the court left entity and interest questions undecided.

76. Revised
    WTO China - Raw Materials and China - Rare Earths rulings (2012, 2014)

    Corrected the conservation-exception reasoning and distinguished China's reported implementation from the United States' disputed compliance assessment.

77. Corrected
    Sergei Glazyev

    Replaced a mismatched sanctions citation with Executive Order 13661 and its seven-person annex. Body prose and substantive review date are unchanged.

78. Revised
    Economic engagement

    Added a verified citation on business-mobility provisions in preferential trade agreements. Body prose and the substantive review date are unchanged; statistical and legal application conditions remain recorded.

79. Revised
    Council of the European Union

    Completed institutional review with precise treaty voting and sanctions procedures, separating CFSP decisions from Article 215 measures and national implementation.

80. Revised
    Export Control Joint Unit (UK)

    Completed institutional review and corrected current departmental identity, licensing responsibilities and the distinction between present guidance and historical department names.

81. Revised
    Fedwire

    Updated average daily Fedwire volumes and values to the third quarter of 2026 with business-day denominators; legal and access claims retain their review deadline. Separates the 1915 start of Federal Reserve wire payments from the dedicated network introduced in 1918; clarifies CHIPS continuous final settlement and Fedwire account, operator and sanctions responsibilities.

82. Revised
    Nuclear Suppliers Group

    Completed the institutional review, verified 48 Participating Governments and clarified national implementation and the conditions of the 2008 India statement.

83. Corrected
    Cuban Assets Control Regulations (US, 1963)

    Corrected the relationship between Parts 515 and 516 and recorded the limited professional-meetings wind-down ending 30 October 2026; whole-entry review remains open.

84. Corrected
    Executive Order 14105 (2023)

    Corrected the 2024 rule perimeter, national-interest exemption and unsupported claims of comprehensive capital closure or demonstrated effects; current-law review remains open.

85. Corrected
    FEND Off Fentanyl Act and FinCEN Section 9714 measures (2024)

    Corrected foreign-target categories and explained the pre-existing section 311 order mechanism and its 120-day rule; whole-entry review remains open.

86. Corrected
    Foreign Narcotics Kingpin Designation Act (1999)

    Corrected the historical delegation of specified presidential functions to the Treasury, without certifying all current statutory and regulatory provisions.

87. Corrected
    Russia (Sanctions) (EU Exit) Regulations (UK, 2019)

    Added the verified regulation 55A notice-based scope and 13 May 2026 commencement, preserving the open Part 7 licensing reconciliation and whole-entry review.

88. Corrected
    Strategic corporate acquisition

    Corrects premature application of the replacement EU foreign-investment screening framework, which fully applies from 17 January 2028.

89. Corrected
    Autonomous Sanctions Act (Australia, 2011)

    Corrects Royal Assent metadata from 25 to 26 May 2011 and adds the authoritative as-made source.

90. Revised
    Zangger Committee (1971)

    Updates the Zangger institutional account to Rev.6, corrects EU observer identity and removes unsupported claims of universal regime ancestry.

Verified maintenance and source updates across 55 entries

Verified factual, legal and research updates across 55 entries, plus archive-footer coverage. Only complete entry reviews advance substantive maintenance dates.

31 entries revised · 24 corrections

1. Corrected
   Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN)

   Updated beneficial-ownership reporting for the final rule effective 14 August 2026, including permanent exemptions and US-person company-applicant and FinCEN-identifier relief.

2. Corrected
   Fund for the Afghan People

   Replaced stale disclosure dates with the 19 August 2026 statement, audited assets at 31 December 2025 and the June 2026 board meeting; distinguished policy approval from actual disbursement.

3. Revised
   General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)

   Added a verified Research Square version 1 preprint on MFN obligations, explicitly labelled as a preprint. No body claim changed.

4. Revised
   Compute as strategic resource

   Added a verified bibliography reference comparing rare-earth and compute leverage. Abstract evidence supports citation only; no body claim changed.

5. Revised
   Strategic economic autonomy

   Added a verified advance online literature review of European strategic autonomy and rearmament. Abstract evidence supports citation only; body claims and substantive review date are unchanged.

6. Revised
   OFAC 50 Percent Rule

   Completed substantive primary-source review. Clarified genuine divestment, continued blocking of previously restrained property, programme-specific subsidiary coverage and licence limits.

7. Revised
   Sectoral Sanctions Identifications (SSI) List

   Completed substantive primary-source review. Clarified debt issue dates and Directive 4 oil-project location, initiation date, ownership and voting tests, plus overlapping sanctions and payment-term risks.

8. Revised
   Saudi Arabia

   Added a verified book-chapter reference on Saudi strategy in Yemen. Publisher-deposited abstract and metadata support citation only; body claims and substantive review date are unchanged.

9. Corrected
   REPO Task Force

   Completed substantive primary-source review. Corrected the distinction between REPO coordination and national or EU sanctions powers; distinguished coordination aims, dated results and an unverified planning benchmark.

10. Revised
    Electricity grids and cross-border interconnectors

    Added a verified reference on Norway-EU electricity interdependence. Only bibliography was updated; the body and substantive review date are unchanged.

11. Revised
    Iran

    Added a verified maritime-strategy reference, distinguishing its 12 October online publication from its December issue assignment. Abstract evidence supports citation only.

12. Corrected
    Anti-Money Laundering Act (2020)

    Updated beneficial-ownership reporting for the final rule effective 14 August 2026. The bounded correction preserves the whole-entry review deadline.

13. Corrected
    Foreign Exchange and Foreign Trade Act (Japan, 1949, amended 2019)

    Updated the implementing-order timetable, distinguishing September 2026 approval and promulgation from commencement and full application in January and February 2027.

14. Corrected
    CIPS

    Updated operator-reported September 2026 participation to 214 direct and 1,651 indirect participants, without inferring market share or sanctions immunity.

15. Revised
    Office of Foreign Assets Control (United States)

    Completed substantive primary-source review. Updated Syria and HTS status, preserved targeted sanctions and historical liability, and clarified humanitarian authorisation and institutional boundaries.

16. Revised
    Office of Financial Sanctions Implementation (OFSI)

    Completed substantive primary-source review. Corrected the penalty value base, distinguished civil and criminal standards, and updated remit, licensing and designation-list arrangements.

17. Revised
    United Nations Security Council

    Completed substantive primary-source review. Clarified voting, verified current sanctions machinery and attributed both the Iran regime restoration and the formal dispute over its validity.

18. Revised
    Dismantle Iran's Proxy Act of 2025 (proposed US Senate bill)

    Completed substantive primary-source review. Confirmed proposed status, added the humanitarian reporting proposal and distinguished the SDGT and FTO designation dates and legal authorities.

19. Revised
    Corporate geopolitical-risk management

    Added a verified reference on firm offshore responses to sanctions. Abstract evidence supports bibliography only; body prose and the whole-entry review date are unchanged.

20. Revised
    Defense Production Act authorities (1950-present)

    Complete review of DPA statutory and delegated authorities, including the August 2026 DPAS allocation rule; preserve the separate 11 December 2026 statutory sunset and its exceptions.

21. Corrected
    Bank Secrecy Act and United States financial reporting architecture (1970-present)

    Updated the beneficial-ownership account for the final rule effective 14 August 2026, including US-person company-applicant and personal FinCEN-identifier relief.

22. Corrected
    Trading with the Enemy Act (United States, 1917)

    Updated the Cuba authority continuation through 14 September 2027, distinguishing the determination from the detailed scope of current prohibitions and permissions.

23. Corrected
    CITGO

    Updated the specified PDVSA bond authorisation to General Licence 5Z and its 5 November 2026 start, keeping bond collateral distinct from the Crystallex sale process.

24. Revised
    Humanitarian exemptions and general licences

    Completed substantive primary-source review. Clarified eligible humanitarian permissions, reasonable-efforts safeguards and bank discretion, and replaced an incorrect OFAC source link.

25. Revised
    Wassenaar Arrangement

    Completed substantive primary-source review. Verified membership and the current corrected list edition, and clarified political commitments, national licensing and notification limits.

26. Corrected
    ICJ Certain Iranian Assets (2023)

    Completed substantive primary-source review. Corrected the expropriation and freedom-of-commerce findings, treaty termination date and omitted February 2026 compensation order.

27. Revised
    ICJ Alleged Violations of the 1955 Treaty (Iran v US, 2018)

    Completed substantive primary-source review. Clarified the exact provisional relief, treaty termination, jurisdiction and current public docket, and removed unsupported compliance and outcome claims.

28. Corrected
    COSCO

    Corrected terminal handling capacity versus throughput, the exact 2020 delisting scope and the Piraeus shareholder.

29. Revised
    Russian Direct Investment Fund

    Date and attribute the USD 10 billion capital figure to the 2018 annual review; verify leadership and project descriptions; distinguish US designation from the Commission-described EU investment restriction.

30. Revised
    Middle East and Africa Bank (MEAB)

    Identify the exact Bartlett discovery order and its limited procedural scope; remove the unsupported historical negative sanctions-screening assertion; preserve distinctions between officer, bank, allegations and judgments.

31. Corrected
    State Atomic Energy Corporation Rosatom

    Clarified the bounded scope of the cited nuclear-energy general licence.

32. Revised
    Afghanistan central bank reserve freeze (2021-present)

    Correct the initial August 2021 blocking chronology, distinguish later custody actions and verify licence and litigation scope; qualify disbursement and economic evidence.

33. Revised
    GATT Article XXI security exceptions (1947-present)

    Completed whole-entry treaty and dispute review, preserving panel-report, appeal and adoption distinctions.

34. Revised
    Glencore

    Completed whole-entry review of corporate identity, separate enforcement matters, penalties and attributed monitor termination.

35. Corrected
    Huione Group

    Completed whole-entry administrative-rule review and corrected the Federal Register starting pages and authority distinctions.

36. Corrected
    Libya (Gaddafi era)

    Removed an unsupported unique-case claim and clarified the narrow 2026 LIA exemption and continuing freeze.

37. Corrected
    Pressure, court action and transfer of CK Hutchison's Panama ports concessions (2025-present)

    Corrected the treaty-dispute notice date and distinguished the separately announced Panama treaty and Maersk arbitrations, without treating allegations as findings.

38. Revised
    Cuba

    Added the separate part 516 regulations and CACR amendments effective 30 September 2026, preserving the layered legal framework.

39. Corrected
    Daniel Drezner

    Corrected the attribution of the 2003 paper: its strategic-interaction account is distinct from the domestic and symbolic explanations it discusses.

40. Revised
    Kaspersky Lab

    Completed the United States-focused whole-entry review, distinguishing procurement, ICTS, Entity List and individual-sanctions measures and service exclusions.

41. Corrected
    Kirill Dmitriev

    Completed whole-entry identity and sanctions-source review; removed an unsupported EU-listing attribution.

42. Revised
    Matthew Levitt

    Completed profile review from the institutional biography and dated Treasury notices; retained verified book-edition metadata in the bibliography only.

43. Corrected
    EU countervailing duties on battery electric vehicles from China (2023-present)

    Completed whole-entry EU measure review and distinguished registration publication from entry into force.

44. Corrected
    Nicholas Mulder

    Updated Cornell academic rank to Associate Professor and Milstein Faculty Fellow; book claims remain outside this bounded correction.

45. Revised
    Knowledge distillation and model extraction in AI

    Completed a full substantive review. Distinguish extraction from direct weight acquisition, qualify developer permissions and training-cost figures, and separate AI Diffusion Rule codification, non-enforcement policy and continuing advanced-computing controls.

46. Revised
    Third-country intermediation

    Added a verified open-text study of internal corporate networks and divestment under sanctions, with observational, data-access and generalisability limits.

47. Revised
    Group of Twenty (G20)

    Refresh member and presidency evidence using DFAT and the official G20 institutional review; retain the full Rio declaration and distinguish membership from summit invitations.

48. Corrected
    United States designation and delisting of Tornado Cash (2022-2025)

    Update the court timetable to the 25 August 2026 order setting a 20 April 2027 pretrial conference and 26 April retrial. The bounded correction does not assert later disposition or advance the whole-entry review date.

49. Revised
    Taliban

    Completed a full substantive review. Verify sanctions, reserve custody and transfer evidence, date banking and drug findings, and correct Russia's receipt of copies of ambassadorial credentials without inferring UN representation.

50. Corrected
    Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States (CFIUS)

    Correct interim suspension authority, describe the operating Known Investor pilot and identify the 2025 annual report. Whole-entry review remains open.

51. Revised
    Classification societies and IACS

    Verify the twelve-member register and distinguish association membership, classification, delegated certification and public restrictions; complete substantive review.

52. Corrected
    India-Pakistan bilateral trade restrictions (2019-present)

    Repair three source identities, links and dates, distinguishing the May 2025 press release from the underlying notification. Body and review clocks unchanged.

53. Corrected
    Ministry of Finance (Japan)

    Replace the incorrect statute link with FEFTA and identify the English translation as the 2022 version. Body and review clocks unchanged.

54. Revised
    Southeast Asian scam-centre networks

    Verify dated estimates, sanctions and financial-rule scope against primary full texts; remove unsupported contemporary and origin claims.

55. Corrected
    Digital ruble

    Replace stale future rollout language with attributed September 2026 operator updates, phased thresholds and voluntary wallet limits. Whole-entry review remains open.

56. Feature
    Founding-editor footer on archive redirects

    Added the neutral founding-editor credit, About and Updates links, rights statement and release version to all 14 archive redirect fallback pages. Existing redirect destinations and indexing rules are unchanged.

Research and source maintenance across 22 entries

Three targeted factual corrections, 21 verified bibliography additions and five corrections to existing preprint references. Bibliography updates do not establish fresh review of every body claim.

17 entries revised · 5 corrections

1. Revised
   Singapore

   Added research on Singapore's agency in great-power technology competition.

2. Revised
   Corporate withdrawal and private self-sanctioning in Russia (2022-2023)

   Added experimental research on public attitudes to corporate sanctions compliance and evasion.

3. Corrected
   Chokepoint control

   Corrected an existing SSRN reference to identify its preprint status and preserve year-only publication precision.

4. Revised
   Critical theory of weaponised interdependence

   Added research on the conceptual limits of weaponised interdependence in lithium and rare-earth markets.

5. Revised
   Economic security as national security

   Added research on EU member-state trade vulnerabilities and corrected an existing SSRN reference's outlet and date precision.

6. Revised
   Economic statecraft

   Added a chapter on contemporary economic statecraft and a preprint on US energy transformation and Middle East strategy.

7. Revised
   Fragmentation (geoeconomic)

   Added three studies of AI, trade and value-chain fragmentation, and corrected an existing SSRN reference's outlet and date precision.

8. Revised
   Geoeconomic coercion of corporate networks

   Added research on semiconductor corporate power and governments as strategic actors.

9. Revised
   Hybrid warfare

   Added a verified SSRN preprint on media instruments and the legitimisation of sanctions, preserving year-only date precision.

10. Revised
    Indigenisation (import substitution under pressure)

    Added an Oxford chapter on computing substitution and strategic production choices.

11. Revised
    Financial-market contagion and statecraft spillovers

    Added a working paper on geoeconomic risk in US stock markets and corrected an existing SSRN reference's outlet and date precision.

12. Corrected
    Sanctions design and calibration

    Corrected an existing SSRN reference to identify its preprint status and preserve year-only publication precision.

13. Revised
    Smart (targeted) sanctions

    Added research on UN sanctions and the treatment of sexual and gender-based violence.

14. Revised
    European Commission

    Added research on the Commission's role in trilogues for geoeconomic instruments.

15. Corrected
    REPO Task Force

    Clarified that the March 2023 statement described forfeiture enabling a prospective USD 5.4 million transfer, rather than establishing an already completed transfer.

16. Revised
    Critical-mineral processing chokepoint

    Added research on midstream processing power in critical-mineral supply chains.

17. Revised
    Secondary sanctions

    Added a verified SSRN preprint on US secondary sanctions and Chinese countermeasures, preserving year-only date precision.

18. Corrected
    Corporate Transparency Act (2021)

    Updated the operative account for FinCEN's final rule effective 14 August 2026, including US person company-applicant and FinCEN identifier exemptions.

19. Revised
    Global Magnitsky Act and EO 13818 (2016, 2017)

    Added a Basel Institute working paper on corruption sanctions; no new body claim was introduced.

20. Corrected
    Sectoral Sanctions Identifications (SSI) List

    Updated OFAC's observed list-update date to 14 September 2026 and distinguished it from the effective dates of individual restrictions.

21. Revised
    Central bank digital currencies

    Added an official speech on technology, money and financial infrastructure.

22. Revised
    Rare-earth separation and refining technology

    Added research on Japan's residual midstream dependency after diversification.

Five entries updated from controlled research review

Five entries received verified bibliography additions from abstract-only evidence. No factual body claim was added without lawful full text. The homepage change-context correction is included in this release.

5 entries revised

1. Revised
   Chokepoint control

   Added an SSRN preprint on the erosion and adaptation dynamics of artificial-intelligence compute controls. No body claim was added from abstract-only evidence.

2. Revised
   Entity List (15 CFR Part 744)

   Added a World Economy article on Entity List effects on Chinese firms' capacity utilisation. No body claim was added from publisher-supplied abstract evidence.

3. Revised
   Sanctions design and calibration

   Added an SSRN preprint on financial sanctions and bank stability over time. No body claim was added from publisher-supplied abstract evidence.

4. Revised
   Financial-market contagion and statecraft spillovers

   Added an SSRN preprint on financial-sanctions spillovers into neutral transit economies. No body claim was added from abstract-only evidence.

5. Revised
   Economic security as national security

   Added an SSRN preprint on national securitisation from food systems to advanced computing. No body claim was added from abstract-only evidence.

6. Feature
   Homepage recent-change context

   Recent changes drawn from more than one release are now labelled by release count rather than carrying a misleading single date.

Four entries updated from controlled research review

Two entries received bounded substantive revisions from lawful open full text, and two received verified bibliography additions from abstract-only evidence.

4 entries revised

1. Revised
   Sanctions design and calibration

   Added a bounded finding on sanctions and domestic state capacity from a Research Square preprint, with its non-peer-reviewed status, identification limits and inconsistent sample dates stated explicitly.

2. Revised
   Geoeconomic coercion of corporate networks

   Added an SSRN preprint applying weaponised interdependence to multinational sports enterprises. No body claim was added from abstract-only evidence.

3. Revised
   Green-transition and critical-supply leverage

   Added research on Brazil's energy-transition industrial policy and the endogenous centrality of critical-mineral networks. No body claim was added from abstract-only evidence.

4. Revised
   Humanitarian cost of sanctions

   Added bounded full-text evidence on pathways of health-service disruption in Iran, with the commentary's heterogeneous evidence, attribution limits and preliminary 2026 material stated explicitly.

Two entries updated from controlled research review

Two entries received verified bibliography additions from the controlled research workflow. No factual body claim was added from abstract-only evidence.

2 entries revised

1. Revised
   Cloud and compute-access denial

   Added an SSRN preprint on the gap between traditional export controls and cloud-based compute access. No body claim was added from abstract-only evidence.

2. Revised
   Rare-earth and critical-mineral export restriction

   Added an SSRN preprint reviewing export controls on energy-related raw materials and resource-based industrialisation. No body claim was added from abstract-only evidence.

Five entries updated from controlled research review

Five entries received verified bibliography additions from the controlled research workflow. No factual body claim was added from abstract-only evidence.

5 entries revised

1. Revised
   Compute as strategic resource

   Added a preprint on concentration and chokepoints across the artificial-intelligence supply chain. No body claim was added from abstract-only evidence.

2. Revised
   Rare-earth and critical-mineral export restriction

   Added a Research Square preprint on magnetic rare-earth export controls and technological change. The source is labelled as not peer reviewed, and no body claim was added from abstract-only evidence.

3. Revised
   Strategic economic autonomy

   Added an SSRN preprint on sovereignty, value appropriation and industrial statecraft in fragmented global value chains. No body claim was added from abstract-only evidence.

4. Revised
   MOFCOM Blocking Rules (Order No. 1 of 2021)

   Added an SSRN preprint assessing China's first prohibition order under the Blocking Rules. No body claim was added from abstract-only evidence.

5. Revised
   Export control as strategic instrument

   Added an SSRN preprint on export controls, retaliation and innovation outcomes. No body claim was added from abstract-only evidence.

Five entries updated from controlled research review

Five entries were revised through the evidence-gated research workflow. One received bounded substantive evidence from an open full-text study, while four received bibliography additions matched to the evidence lawfully available.

5 entries revised

1. Revised
   Fragmentation (geoeconomic)

   Added a bibliography reference on security exceptions and the weaponisation of economic interdependence. No body claim was added from abstract-only evidence.

2. Revised
   Trade sanctions

   Added a bibliography reference on the causal effects of international sanctions on agricultural trade. No body claim was added from abstract-only evidence.

3. Revised
   Export control as strategic instrument

   Added bounded firm-level evidence on Japanese suppliers' adjustment to United States export controls, with the study's sample and identification limits stated explicitly.

4. Revised
   Rare-earth and critical-mineral export restriction

   Added a clearly labelled, non-peer-reviewed preprint to the bibliography. No body claim was added without lawful full-text evidence.

5. Revised
   AI-chip and compute export control

   Added a relevant preprint to the bibliography. No body claim was added from abstract-only evidence.

Public change log launched

A reader-facing release history, homepage update panel and RSS feed now make substantive changes visible as the Encyclopedia evolves.

1. Feature
   Updates and change log

   Added a permanent release ledger with dated entry changes and a machine-readable update feed.

Three entries revised from new research

Reviewed July 2026 research was incorporated into three existing entries with explicit limits on what each source establishes.

3 entries revised

1. Revised
   Export control as strategic instrument

   Added product-level evidence on the allocation of export-side interventions and separated targeting from effectiveness.

2. Revised
   Critical-mineral processing chokepoint

   Added evidence on processing centrality, network structure and the limits of inferences about coercion.

3. Revised
   World Trade Organization

   Added a clearly labelled scholarly reform argument on geoeconomics and international trade law.

Network explorer added

The full corpus became navigable as a filterable knowledge graph linking 1,511 entries through 8,082 cross-references.

1. Feature
   Interactive field map

   Added search, strategic-mode, policy-domain, geography, period, entry-type and connection filters.

Statecraft edition published

The reference work was rebuilt around economic statecraft as the umbrella field, with economic warfare retained as a high-intensity mode.

1. Release
   Version 2.0 publication

   Published 1,511 current controlled entries and preserved 14 retired records as permanent redirects.

Economic warfare edition published

The original economic warfare reference edition replaced the placeholder homepage and established the moderated contribution workflow.

1. Release
   Version 1.0 beta publication

   Published the first public reference edition with James J. Tennant recorded as founding editor.